What is quantum coin flipping in quantum cryptography?

Quantum coin flipping is a cryptographic protocol that allows two distrustful parties, Alice and Bob, to agree on the outcome of a random bit...

What is the Quantum Bit Commitment (QBC) protocol?

Quantum bit commitment (QBC) is a cryptographic primitive that allow one party, called Alice, to commit to a bit of information without revealing it...

Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC)

Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC) is a model in quantum cryptography; a secret message is directly transmitted over a quantum channel without the prior...

What is quantum secret sharing (QSS)?

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is a quantum cryptographic protocol allows a secret quantum state or classical information to be circulated among some parties, such...

What are Bell states in quantum computing?

The Bell states, also known as EPR pairs (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs), are a set of four entangled quantum states of two qubits. They are important...

What is Dirac Notation in Quantum mechanics?

The Dirac notation, also known as bra-ket notation, is a mathematical notation used broadly in quantum mechanics and quantum computing to denote quantum states...

Modeling Systems for Quantum Software Architecture

Quantum software architecture (QSA) is a developing field that applies architectural principles to the design, development, validation, and deployment of software for quantum computing...

How is linear algebra used in quantum mechanics?

Linear algebra helps as the mathematical language for quantum computing. It provides the framework to operate quantum states and operations. The basic concepts...

What is Quantum Graph Neural Networks (QGNNs)?

Quantum Graph Neural Networks (QGNNs) denote a combination of quantum computing principles with the architecture of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). GNNs are a class...

What is quantum machine learning (QML)?

Quantum Machine Learning: An Interplay Between Quantum Computing and Machine Learning Quantum machine learning (QML) is a developing field that combines the principles of quantum...

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